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Basic software generates random numbers A chook raff le program for your PC Forget about hats, barrels and old-fashioned clackety-clack cho­colate wheels for your next chook raffle. This random number generator runs on a PC and will prevent losing punters from crying foul. By RICK WALTERS Many clubs, schools and other organisations often have raffles and need to draw winning numbers from a hat or barrel. Have you ever wondered whether your ticket butt was actually in there when you didn’t win a prize? This random number generator program guarantees that everyone has an equal chance to win the chook. By selecting the appropriate range of numbers, the program can also be used to select numbers for Lotto. Design After looking at the cost of the components necessary to make a display and the difficulty in generating true random numbers with discrete logic, we decided to use a computer to do all the hard work. A few lines of Basic will generate true random numbers and a bit of juggling of a graphic block gives a readout which is large enough to be seen quite a distance from the com­ puter screen. Additionally, the results of each draw are saved to the hard disc and can be recalled and displayed if necessary. The program, RAFFLE.BAS (see listing on pages 75-76), requires an EGA monitor and video card capable of 640 x 480 pixel display. This means that you may have an old 286 or newer system lying around which can be Fig.1:this screen display shows the results of a draw. The program allows you to select the lowest draw number, the highest draw number, the quantity of prizes to be drawn, and whether to draw from lowest to highest prize or vice versa 74  Silicon Chip pressed into service. The screen display of Fig.1 shows the results of a draw. The program allows you to select the lowest draw number, the highest draw number, the quantity of prizes to be drawn, and whether to draw from lowest to highest prize or vice versa. This draw had the lowest number as 100, the highest as 5000, 10 prizes and the draw sequence from low to high. These parameters are set in lines 1350 and 1360 of the listing, and can be altered to suit your particular needs. If you want the draw to start with first prize then NOSEQ on line 1360 should be changed to equal 1. Lines 20-50 control the program sequence, with line 20 calling the initialisation routine. This includes the starting and finishing numbers and also defines a host of parameters that will be used. The SC logo and header, along with the results box ,is drawn by subroutine 5000. The real work is done in subroutine 2000, where the random number is actually generated. If the RND (generate a random number) function was used, each time the program was run it would generate the same series of numbers. To prevent this happening, line 2030 uses the RANDOMIZE (sorry about the US spelling) func­tion. This by itself will prompt you for an input. However, the last thing we want in this type of program is for it to ask the unsuspecting user for input. By adding TIMER, we force Basic to read the DOS clock and use this number as its input. As the timer value increments each second, this will always have a different value and produce a different sequence of numbers. The number generated will always be between zero and one, so to make it fit our requirements we have to introduce the number to start (NOTO­ Listing 1: Raffle.bas 1 GOTO 10 5 SAVE “C:\bas\raffle”,A ‘Save file on C drive in ASCII format 6 SAVE “A:\bas\raffle”,A ‘Save file on A drive 7 SAVE “B:\bas\raffle”,A ‘Save file on B drive 10 REM This program draws a raffle & shows the result 11 ‘in large numerals in the top area of the screen 12 ‘When the next prize is drawn the previous draw 13 ‘is recorded in the lower area of the screen 14 ‘Lowest & highest number & number of prizes to draw 15 ‘as well as draw from high to low or low to high 16 ‘can be selected. 17 REM run 5 will save program to drive C 18 REM run 6 will save program to drive A 19 REM run 7 will save program to drive B 20 GOSUB 1000 ‘Initialise 30 GOSUB 5000 ‘Write heading 40 GOSUB 2000 ‘Generate a random number 50 GOSUB 6000 ‘Save draw to hard disk 999 CLS: SYSTEM 1000 ‘*********************** 1010 ‘Initialisation routine. 1020 ‘*********************** 1030 KEY OFF: SCREEN 9: CLS: DEFINT A-C,R,N: DEFSTR D,E,K,U 1035 ‘A to C,R & N integers, D,E,K,U Are strings, rest single precision 1040 ESC = CHR$(27): ENTER = CHR$(13): KSP = CHR$(32) ‘Spacebar 1140 DEF FNCENTRE$(M$) = SPACE$((79 - LEN(M$))/2) + M$ ‘Centre text 1150 DEF FNCEOL$ = STRING$(79 - POS(Q),” “) 1170 ULT = CHR$(218): DLT = CHR$(201): URT = CHR$(191): DRT = CHR$(187) 1175 ‘Single & Double Left & Right top corners 1180 ULB = CHR$(192): DLB = CHR$(200): URB = CHR$(217): DRB = CHR$(188) 1185 ‘Single & Double Left & Right bottom corners 1190 UH = CHR$(196): DH = CHR$(205): UV = CHR$(179): DV = CHR$(186) 1195 ‘Single & Double Horizontal & vertical lines 1350 NOTOSTART = 100: NOTOFIN = 5000 1360 NOTODRAW = 10: NOSEQ = 0 ‘Low to Hi, 1 = Hi to low 1370 DIM DRAWN$(NOTODRAW) 1380 RL = 10: CL = 35: C1 = 10 ‘Row & column for large digits 1390 RP = 17: CP = 3 ‘Row & column for prize listings 1400 RR = RP ‘Row reference for view print in sub 7000 1410 DOB = CHR$(219) ‘8 x 14 block 1420 SLOW = 3000 ‘Delay for poker machine routine. Smaller for slow machines 1999 RETURN 2000 ‘************************* 2010 ‘Generate a random number. 2020 ‘************************* 2030 RANDOMIZE TIMER 2040 LOCATE 25,1: PRINT FNCENTRE$(“Press SPACEBAR for First draw”); 2050 K = INPUT$(1): IF K < > KSP THEN 2050 2060 FOR A = 1 TO NOTODRAW 2070 X = INT(RND * (NOTOFIN - NOTOSTART)) + NOTOSTART ‘Generate a number 2080 FOR B = 1 TO A ‘Check to see if this is the same as the first number drawn 2090 IF VAL(DRAWN$(B)) = X THEN 2070 ‘if so generate a new number 2100 NEXT B ‘otherwise check the rest 2110 DRAWN$(A) = STR$(X) ‘If not previously drawn add it to the list 2120 LOCATE 25,1: PRINT FNCEOL$; 2130 GOSUB 3000 ‘Do poker machine style draw 2140 GOSUB 7000 ‘Move number to display area 2150 IF A = NOTODRAW THEN 2190 ‘All numbers drawn 2160 LOCATE 25,1: PRINT FNCENTRE$(“Press SPACEBAR for next draw”); 2170 K = INPUT$(1): IF K < > KSP THEN 2170 2180 NEXT A ‘Then generate the next number 2190 LOCATE 25,1: PRINT FNCENTRE$(“Press SPACEBAR to save this draw”); 2200 K = INPUT$(1): IF K < > KSP THEN 2200 2999 RETURN 3000 ‘************************* 3010 ‘Poker machine style draw. 3020 ‘************************* 3030 R = RL: C = CL ‘Restore original row & column values 3040 FOR B = 2 TO LEN(DRAWN$(A)) 3050 LOCATE R + 2,10: IF NOSEQ THEN PRINT A; ELSE PRINT NOTODRAW + 1 - A; 3060 LOCATE R+2,POS(X)-1 3070 IF NOSEQ THEN IF A = 1 THEN PRINT “st”; ELSE IF A = 2 THEN PRINT “nd”; 3080 IF NOSEQ THEN IF A = 3 THEN PRINT “rd”; ELSE IF A > 3 THEN PRINT “th”; 3090 IF NOSEQ = 0 THEN IF A = NOTODRAW THEN PRINT “st”; ELSE IF A = NOTODRAW-1 THEN PRINT “nd”; 3100 IF NOSEQ = 0 THEN IF A = NOTODRAW-2 THEN PRINT “rd”; ELSE IF A < NOTODRAW-2 THEN PRINT “th”; 3110 PRINT “ Prize “; 3120 GOSUB 4030: GOSUB 3330 ‘Print a 0 3130 GOSUB 4130: GOSUB 3330 ‘Print a 1 3140 GOSUB 4230: GOSUB 3330 ‘Print a 2 3150 GOSUB 4330: GOSUB 3330 ‘Print a 3 3160 GOSUB 4430: GOSUB 3330 ‘Print a 4 3170 GOSUB 4530: GOSUB 3330 ‘Print a 5 3180 GOSUB 4630: GOSUB 3330 ‘Print a 6 3190 GOSUB 4730: GOSUB 3330 ‘Print a 7 3200 GOSUB 4830: GOSUB 3330 ‘Print an 8 3210 GOSUB 4930: GOSUB 3330 ‘Print a 9, then print first digit of random number 3220 CC = VAL(MID$(DRAWN$(A),B,1)) 3230 ON CC + 1 GOSUB 4030,4130,4230,4330,4430,4530,4630,473 0,4830,4930 3240 C = C + 7 ‘Add a space between digits 3250 NEXT ‘Then print the next digit 3260 LOCATE R,C: PRINT FNCEOL$ 3270 FOR AA = 1 TO 4: LOCATE CSRLIN,C: PRINT FNCEOL$: NEXT 3299 RETURN ‘Go back to SUB 2000 at line 2140 3300 ‘************************************************ 3310 ‘Delay routine to allow numbers to appear slowly. 3320 ‘************************************************ 3330 FOR AA = 1 TO SLOW: NEXT: FOR AA = 1 TO SLOW: NEXT 3340 FOR BB = 0 TO 4: LOCATE R + BB,C: PRINT STRING$(7,” “) 3350 NEXT BB 3399 RETURN 4000 ‘************************************************* ******************* 4010 ‘4030 - 4920 draw large block digits from 0 to 9 at the location R,C. 4020 ‘*********************************************** ********************* continued on page 76 April 1998  75 Listing 1: Raffle.bas continued from page 75 4030 ‘digit 0 4040 LOCATE R,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT 4050 FOR AA = 1 TO 4: LOCATE CSRLIN,C: PRINT DOB;: LOCATE CSRLIN,C+4: PRINT DOB: NEXT 4060 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 5: PRINT DOB;: NEXT 4099 RETURN 4120 ‘digit 1 4130 LOCATE R,C+1: PRINT DOB;DOB 4140 FOR AA = 1 TO 3: LOCATE CSRLIN,C+1: PRINT DOB;DOB: NEXT 4150 LOCATE CSRLIN,C + 1: PRINT DOB;DOB; 4199 RETURN 4220 ‘digit 2 4230 LOCATE R,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT: PRINT 4240 LOCATE CSRLIN,C+3: PRINT DOB 4250 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT: PRINT 4260 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: PRINT DOB 4270 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT 4299 RETURN 4320 ‘digit 3 4330 LOCATE R,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT: PRINT 4340 LOCATE CSRLIN,C+3: PRINT DOB 4350 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT: PRINT 4360 LOCATE CSRLIN,C+3: PRINT DOB 4370 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT 4399 RETURN 4420 ‘digit 4 4430 LOCATE R,C: PRINT DOB;DOB: LOCATE CSRLIN,C: PRINT DOB;DOB 4440 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: PRINT DOB;DOB;SPC(2);DOB 4450 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 6: PRINT DOB;: NEXT: PRINT 4460 LOCATE CSRLIN,C+4: PRINT DOB; 4499 RETURN 4520 ‘digit 5 4530 LOCATE R,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT: PRINT 4540 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: PRINT DOB 4550 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT: PRINT 4560 LOCATE CSRLIN,C+3: PRINT DOB 4570 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT 4599 RETURN 4620 ‘digit 6 4630 LOCATE R,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT: PRINT 4640 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: PRINT DOB 4650 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT: PRINT 4660 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: PRINT DOB; SPC(2);DOB 4670 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT 4699 RETURN 4720 ‘digit 7 4730 LOCATE R,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 5: PRINT DOB;: NEXT: PRINT 4740 FOR AA = 1 TO 3: LOCATE CSRLIN,C+3: PRINT DOB;DOB: NEXT 4780 LOCATE CSRLIN,C+3: PRINT DOB;DOB; 4799 RETURN 4820 ‘digit 8 4830 LOCATE R,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT 4840 FOR AA = 1 TO 2: LOCATE CSRLIN,C: PRINT DOB;: LOCATE CSRLIN,C+4: PRINT DOB: NEXT 4850 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT 76  Silicon Chip 4860 FOR AA = 1 TO 2: LOCATE CSRLIN,C: PRINT DOB;: LOCATE CSRLIN,C+4: PRINT DOB: NEXT 4870 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 5: PRINT DOB;: NEXT 4899 RETURN 4920 ‘digit 9 4930 LOCATE R,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT 4940 FOR AA = 1 TO 2: LOCATE CSRLIN,C: PRINT DOB;: LOCATE CSRLIN,C+4: PRINT DOB: NEXT 4950 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 4: PRINT DOB;: NEXT 4960 FOR AA = 1 TO 2: LOCATE CSRLIN,C+4: PRINT DOB: NEXT 4970 LOCATE CSRLIN,C: FOR AA = 1 TO 5: PRINT DOB;: NEXT 4999 RETURN 5000 ‘**************** 5010 ‘Write to screen. 5020 ‘**************** 5030 COLOR 4,11: X = 100: Y = 25: PSET (X,Y) ‘Write SC to screen 5040 DRAW “u12;h12;l48;g12;d24;f12;r32;d24;l24;u12;l24;d12; f12;r48” 5050 PSET (X,Y): DRAW “l24;u12;l24;d24;r32;f12;d24;g12” 5060 PAINT (X-20,Y-5) ‘draw & fill S 5070 PSET (X+90,Y) 5080 DRAW “u12;h12;l48;g12;d60;f12;r48;e12;u12;l24;d12;l24;u 60;r24;d12;r24” 5090 PAINT (X+80,Y-5) ‘draw & fill C 5100 COLOR 14,11 5110 LOCATE 3,35: PRINT “Silicon Chip”; 5120 LOCATE 5,35: PRINT “Computerised Chook Raffle Drawer”; 5130 LOCATE 16,1: PRINT DLT; 5140 FOR J = 2 TO 79: PRINT DH;: NEXT: PRINT DRT; 5150 FOR J = 2 TO 8: PRINT DV;TAB(80);DV;: NEXT 5160 PRINT DLB;: FOR J = 2 TO 79: PRINT DH;: NEXT: PRINT DRB; 5199 RETURN 6000 ‘****************** 6010 ‘Save draw to disk. 6020 ‘****************** 6030 D$ = MID$(DATE$,4,2) + LEFT$(DATE$,2) ‘Date 6040 T$ = LEFT$(TIME$,2) + MID$(TIME$,4,2) ‘Time 6050 FILE$ = D$ + T$ + “.DRW” ‘Name file as date + time & add filetype 6060 OPEN FILE$ FOR OUTPUT AS #1 6070 WRITE# 1, NOSEQ ‘Write Hi to low or low to high sequence 6080 FOR A = 1 TO NOTODRAW 6090 WRITE# 1, DRAWN$(A) ‘Save the numbers 6100 NEXT A 6110 CLOSE 1 6999 RETURN 7000 ‘************************************ 7010 ‘Write draw & number to display area. 7020 ‘************************************ 7030 PRIZE$ = “” 7040 FOR CS = 1 TO 4: PRIZE$ = PRIZE$ + CHR$(SCREEN(R+2,CS+10)): NEXT 7050 VIEW PRINT RR TO 23 7060 LOCATE RP,CP: PRINT PRIZE$;” Prize”;X; ‘Space results by 20 then goto next 7070 CP = CP + 20: IF CP > 65 THEN CP = 3: RP = RP + 1 ‘line after four entries 7080 VIEW PRINT 7999 RETURN ‘Go back to SUB 2000 at line 2150 START) and the number to finish (NOTOFIN) into the result. This is done on line 2070. Once we have a value, we must make sure that it hasn’t been drawn already and this is done in lines 2080-2100. If this is the case, then we store it with all the previously drawn results in a array called DRAWN$ on line 2110. We now go to subroutine 3000 where the prize number is printed, followed by the prize suffix (st, th, etc). Line 3060 moves the cursor back one space as Basic puts a space after an integer before printing a string and “1 st” doesn’t look quite right. The next four lines (3070- 3100) work out which direction the sequence runs and print the appropriate suffix. Now comes the actual number for the draw. To add to the suspense, we print the large digits from 0-9 in sequence before actually displaying the correct digit. They should appear rather slowly and depending upon the computer you use you may have to reduce the value in line 1420, or even delete the second FOR AA = 1 TO SLOW: NEXT on line 3330. After we print the large digits we move to subroutine 7000 which records the prize sequence and draw number in the rectangu­ lar box. We cheat a bit here, to save us going through the prize number and suffix rigmarole again, by using the SCREEN(R,C) function to look at what we actually wrote previously and build­ing a string called PRIZE$ in line 7040. This is then written in the box along with the draw number. Once the NOTODRAW (number to draw) has been written to the box, a message appears on line 25 indicating that this is the case and prompting you to press the space-bar to save the draw to disc. This is done in subroutine 6000 where the filename is created as the date plus the time with a DRW suffix; ie 17091445.DRW. The draw sequence as well as all the results are Fig.2 (top): the software automatically saves the results of each draw and allows you to view the results of previous draws at any time by typing in the file name. Fig.3 (above) shows how the results of previous draws are displayed. saved, to allow unambiguous recovery of the draw. Previous draws Fig.2 shows the screen for selecting the results of a previous draw. All the raffle files are listed and when a file­ name which appears on the screen is entered the results will be displayed as shown in Fig.3. No print-out routine is included as the Print Screen function can be used if a hard copy is needed. The DRW suffix is not needed when you enter a filename but if an incorrect filename is entered, the cursor will move back to the beginning of the name, thereby allowing you to see and cor­rect your error. This draw listing (PRIZELST.BAS) is not included here due to space limitations but is available along with the complete Raffle software on a floppy disc from SILICON SC CHIP (see software advert). April 1998  77